Evaluating the Effectiveness of the Family Hope Program (PKH) in Promoting Social Welfare and Poverty Reduction: A Qualitative Case Study from Rural Indonesia
Keywords:
Family Hope Program (PKH), Social Welfare, Poverty Alleviation, Conditional Cash Transfe, Qualitative Research, IndonesiaAbstract
This study evaluates the impact of the Family Hope Program (Program Keluarga Harapan/PKH) on improving social welfare in Jambu Malea Village, Tapango District, Polewali Mandar Regency, Indonesia. As Indonesia's flagship conditional cash transfer program, PKH aims to reduce poverty by enhancing access to education, healthcare, and social protection for vulnerable households. Despite its nationwide implementation, variations in local contexts necessitate an in-depth understanding of the program's effectiveness at the community level. This research employed a qualitative research design to explore the experiences and perceptions of stakeholders involved in PKH implementation. Data were collected through observations, semi-structured interviews, documentation, literature review, and online data searches. A total of 22 purposively selected informants participated in the study, including village officials, PKH facilitators, beneficiary households, Village Consultative Body members, community leaders, representatives of non-governmental organizations, and media personnel. Data were analyzed using the interactive qualitative analysis model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña, involving data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing, while trustworthiness was ensured through triangulation and member checking. The findings indicate that PKH has contributed positively to reducing the economic burden of beneficiary households, improving children's school attendance, increasing access to healthcare services, and strengthening social inclusion within the community. The program also promotes greater awareness of education and health among beneficiary families, although several implementation challenges remain, including beneficiary data accuracy, uneven distribution of assistance, and continued dependence on government support. Overall, PKH demonstrates a significant contribution to improving community welfare; however, strengthening institutional coordination, beneficiary empowerment, and monitoring mechanisms is essential to ensure the program's long-term sustainability and effectiveness in reducing poverty.
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